Stonington Borough, known for its well preserved 18th and 19th century architecture, has three basic architectural styles: Colonial, Georgian and Federal. There is no exact dividing line between these styles as one merges almost imperceptibly into another.

               The earliest Colonials were one-room dwellings with a half story attic and an end chimney. Over time, another room, a couple of fireplaces and a lean-to were added creating what has become known as the “Salt box.” Some outstanding examples of Colonials include the Thomas Ash House (c. 1780), a snug gambrel roofed cottage located at 5 Main Street and the Nathanial Ellis House (c. 1785). The two story residence at 53 Main Street has detailed entry molding and a leaded transom.

                    As living became easier, the more gracious Georgian style began to emerge. It is characterized by classical symmetrical detail. The entry is often emphasized by a temple-like roof supported by columns. Examples include the Captain Amos Palmer house (c. 1787) and the Colonel Joseph Smith House (c. 1800).

     Toward the end of the 18th century Federal styles begin to replace the Georgian. The change is toward a more sophisticated look. Doors and windows are built-up with fan lights or Palladian arched windows. The style is typified by a low pitch roof, a smooth facade and an elliptical fan light with flanking slender side lights. The Harris Pendleton House (c. 1850) at 35 Main Street is a pristine example the late Federal period.

                    A handful of more exotic styles can be found scattered around the Borough. These include Greek Revival, Italianate, Queen Ann and French Second Empire. These more expensive styles were imported by wealthy families who traveled internationally.

     Stonington Borough has 2 large brick mill buildings within its boundaries. The mill complex in the center of the borough has been home to many manufacturing companies which produced numerous types of products including firearms during the Civil War, textile machinery for silk and cotton, wind pumps, naval guns and submarine parts during WW2 and lastly molds for plastic containers. This complex has been newly renovated and now contains private residences and a yacht club.

                    In the northeast corner of town is the sprawling brick Velvet Mill with its original saw toothed roofline. Built in 1888, the mill produced velvet for over 100 years. It is now the home of artist’s studios, galleries, and businesses.

     Our newest architectural treasure is the red brick Stonington Borough Fire House. A modern rendition of a traditional utilitarian building, it is the late Phillip Johnson’s last design.

     Today, the entire Borough is a National Historic District. Its historic charm is being carefully preserved and protected by a collaboration of private and public groups.